Showing 4 results for شکوهی
Kazem Javanmardi, Ava Soltanihekmat, Masoomeh Shekoohi, Parisa Hasanein, Mehdi Bakhshi, Roghayeh Ghodsi, Leila Rezaeian, Akhtar Bordbar,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objective: The parabrachial nucleus is a critical link in the transmission of short latency nociceptive information to midbrain neurons. GABA(A) receptors have bidirectional roles in controlling nociception and are abundant in the parabrachial region . We examined the effects of bilateral intra parabrachial microinjection of different doses of the GABA(A) receptor agonist, muscimol, and the GABA(A) receptor antagonist, bicuculline, on pain modulation using a tail-flick test
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Materials & Methods: Rats were anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (55 mg/kg) and then special cannulas were inserted stereotaxically into the parabrachial nucleus. After 1 week of recovery, the effects of microinjection of muscimol, (62.5, 125,250 ng/side) or bicuculline, (50,100,200 ng/side) into the parabrachial on tail flick latencies were assessed. Tail-flick latencies were measured for 60 minutes every 5 min after drug microinjection.
Results: Microinjection of muscimol (62.5, 125 ng/side) and bicuculline (50,100,200 ng/side) into the parabrachial did not have any statistically significant effect on tail-flick latency.
Administration of, muscimol, (250 ng/side) produced thermal hyperalgesia (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that in this model of pain gaba a receptors in the paracrachial region are not Endogenously activated but these receptors in this region have a potential to affect pain modulation.
Alireza Manafi, Habibollah Zakeri, Fatemeh Salahyan, Marzieh Tavassoli, Fahimeh Shekoohi, Roya Kokabi, Sahar Khazforoosh,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Major body injury or surgery is associated with reproducible metabolic and hormonal responses. Alteration of blood glucose levels is one of the necessary metabolic changes to surgical stress. Surgical techniques and different methods of anesthesia are factors that can help to control and balance the body’s hormones. One of the most effective ways for decline the endocrine-metabolic response is local anesthesia. We conducted this study to compare the measurement of blood glucose before, during and after surgery and complete the pieces of anesthesia puzzle. Methods & Materials: This was retrospective cohort study performed on 126 patients between 18-38 ages under cesarean section. Sixty-three women who were undergoing spinal anesthesia have been selected as first group, and the second group was 63 patients with general anesthesia. In this study, level of glucose was recorded by glucometer 30 min before surgery (in waiting room), during operation (after childbirth) and 30 min after surgery (in recovery room) measured and recorded. Results: Average of blood glucose levels in spinal anesthesia group was significantly different between the three measurements (p value = 0.007), and also in the general anesthesia group were more significant (p value < 0.001). Mean of blood glucose 30 min before surgery in spinal and general anesthesia, were 81.49±14.64 and 84.09±10.95, respectively (p value = 0.26), and during surgery were 86.50±23.49 and 90.74±17.82 (p value = 0.256), and finally 30 min after operation were 79.93±18.35 and 94.87±16.32 ( p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Spinal anesthesia is more effective way to decease blood sugar alterations and its adverse effects on mothers hormonal system during cesarean sections.
Parisa Roshani Asl, Niloufar Rashidi, Leili Shokoohizadeh, Elahe Tajbakhsh,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as a major cause of hospital-acquired infections due to its high antibiotic resistance. Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor in P. aeruginosa infections. This pathogen produces extracellular hydrolases such as esterase estA during biofilm formation which can influence the formation and construction of biofilm. The purpose of this study was to detect the antibiotic resistance and distribution of estA gene among biofilm-producing P. aeruginosa strains isolated from burn patients.
Materials & Methods: A total of 37 strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated from burn patients in Taleghani hospital in Ahvaz city and identified using standard bacteriological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method according to the CLSI 2015. Biofilm formation was measured by micro titer plate. Existence of estA gene was detected by PCR.
Results: The estA gene existed in 97.3% of isolates and 78.3% of P. aeruginosa isolates produced biofilm. Based on the results of the antibiogram test, highest rate of resistance was observed to piperacillin/ tazobactam (92%) and least resistance was to colistin (8%).
Conclusion: According to the results, there was no significant correlations between presence of estA gene and biofilm formation. High level of resistance to antibiotics in P. aeruginosa is considerable.
Abdolmajid Ghasemian, Shaden Mh Mubarak , Mojtaba Memarian, Hamed Memarian, Sarvenaz Falsafi , Najafiolya Zahra, Shokouhi Mostafavi Seyyed Khalil,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (7-2022)
Abstract
The continuing emergence or re-emergence of vector-borne zoonotic Q fever (caused by Coxiella burnetii) and Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF, caused by Orthonairovirus) include indispensable extraordinary threat around the world. Low infectious dose and long-term environmental residence are major risks. Wildlife and domestic livestock act as hosts or reservoirs of the CCHF virus and ticks are carriers. The disease also poses a threat to public health services owing to its epidemic potential, high case fatality ratio (up to 40%) as well as difficulties in treatment, prevention, and control. Q fever is another zoonotic febrile disease mainly affecting workers involved in farming livestock. The causative agent of Q fever causes abortion in livestock. The pathogen is shed in large numbers in the waste of infected animals (amniotic fluids and placenta during parturition) and is transmitted by inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Vaccination is the most effective way of protecting against Q fever. The main way to prevent Q fever is to avoid contact with animals, especially while animals are giving birth, or consumption of unpasteurized milk and contaminated dairy products. Due to the increasing importation of livestock to meet the growing demand for dairy and meat products, new diseases are likely to be introduced. In our growing globalized world, where trade between countries increases, it is necessary to conduct more research on zoonotic diseases and to monitor any possible disease introduction to new areas. A continuing surveillance program and pathogen testing are important in tracking the emergence of new pathogens.
